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Male infertility: causes, diagnosis and available treatment options !

Male infertility has always been a lesser discussed topic in the ART domain. Still, with more advancements and developments, the world hascome to know about the possible causes and treatments for it. 

Goral Gandhi, one of the most talked about fertility specialists in India, put through her arguments in the same respect. As per her, the first step here is to conduct a proper diagnosis for male infertility, which includes a physical examination, a review of patient’s medical history, and a semen study. 

How male infertility issues are treated? 

Dr Goral Gandhi Mumbai further adds that the fertility expert will look into all of thepossible illnesses, chronic health conditions, or other developmental abnormalities that are linked to male infertility. Then they go on to the semen analysis, which will help the experts in determining the quality and motilityof sperm in the male partner. 

The sample is then sent to a laboratory where the quantity of sperms present is counted and their motility is determined. Following that,the experts will take a sample to check for evidence of other illnesses orissues. They may utilise a variety of procedures for the process, including scrotal ultrasound, transrectal ultrasound, hormone testing, genetic testing, post-ejaculation urine, biopsy, and a specialty sperm function test. 

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Before beginning treatment, the couples must go through aseries of advanced tests. Goral Gandhi IVF says that the experts will make it certain that these tests arethorough and detailed enough to determine the root causes of infertility. The female partner, on the other hand, must have a trans-vaginal ultrasound to assess her ovarian reserve and uterus status. Laparoscopy or hysteroscopy are usually the best options. 

As indicated by Goral Gandhi Mumbai, the experts will also assist the male partner during the semen analysis to determine the quality and quantity of the sperm after theinitial workup in the procedure. They’ll see if they've been affected by any sort of disorder. Then, with the use of a blood test, they’ll check for mobility and motility. 

What are the available treatment options for male infertility? 

Goral Gandhi adds that once the tests and diagnosis havebeen concluded, the experts will then come up with a list of non-surgical andsurgical treatment options like. The following are a few of them: 

Medication/non-surgicaltreatment       

Clomiphene Citrate (Clomid, Serophene), ElectroejaculationTherapy (EEJ), hormone deficiency treatments, testing for genetic problems, andchecks for unexplained low sperm count are all treatments in the same list. 

Surgical Treatment 

Some of the most effective procedures include sperm retrieval techniques (MESA, PESA, TESE), varicocele ligation, transurethralresection of the seminal vesicles (TURSV), and transurethral resection ofejaculatory ducts. 

When it comes tosurgical treatments, the following are on the list:  

Ligation of Varicocele 

Varicocele of a substantial magnitude (Grade II or GradeIII) necessitates extensive treatment. If the pregnancy does not succeed aftervaricocele therapy, the experts will guide the couple through other diagnostic and the rapeutic choices.  

Techniques for Retrieving Sperm(MESA, PESA, TESE) 

According to Goral Gandhi IVF, these are one of the most successful methods for retrieving sperm. The fertility experts can get sperm from male patients in practically any situationusing this method. Even in the case of non-obstructive Azoospermia, or NOA, our experts will extract sperm. 

The experts can help with local anaesthesia, IV sedation,and general anaesthesia. As a result, you can rest confident that they will keep you pain-free throughout the treatment. 

Goral Gandhi further says that the experts can undertake sperm retrieval techniques through the skin (percutaneous) or with the help of a small incision in the skin. 

The wonderful thing about these experts is that they areskilled in a variety of additional microsurgical techniques, such as Microscopic Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (MESA), which will aid us in collectingsperm from the epididymis. 

MESA and TESE treatments are the greatest options if you'rehaving problems with low sperm production.